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A Scandinavian Airlines flight carrying European Commission Vice President Roxana Mînzatu was forced to divert to Sweden last night after Copenhagen airport shut down amid reported drone sightings. In a separate incident, Oslo airport also reported drone activity. Mînzatu’s plane landed in Ängelholm, from where she and her team travelled by taxi to Copenhagen for today’s EU Youth Conference.

Welcome to Rapporteur, the newsletter formerly known as The Capitals. I’m Eddy Wax, joined by Nicoletta Ionta in Brussels. Each day we’ll bring you up to speed on the stories shaping the EU and European politics.

Need-to-knows: 

  • NATO: Allies meet to address Russian airspace violations

  • Commission: Internal rift emerges over new Israel sanctions 

  • Tech: EU capitals push to dilute AI Act mid-rollout

But first, we turn to Europe’s Indo-Pacific ambitions...

Veteran dealmaker Maroš Šefčovič is on the luxury island of Bali today – grinning and draped in flowers – to sign a long-awaited trade accord with Indonesia that the EU hopes will reverse its economic woes and strengthen its position vis-à-vis China and the US in the Indo-Pacific.

As my colleagues Sofía Sánchez and Kjeld Neubert explained in this backgrounder, the agreement is as much about geopolitics as trade: securing a major new ally in a riskier world, while opening up the world’s fourth most populous country to EU exporters eager to sell more cars, chemicals, and protected foodstuffs such as Camembert.

Šefčovič told Rapporteur last week he hopes the deal will bring car tariffs down to zero within the next five years. The pact would slash 98% of tariffs on both sides. But it’s not necessarily all win-win – at least not for the planet.

Indonesia will be allowed to export a certain amount of palm oil – long criticised as a driver of deforestation – tariff-free to Europe. Such a concession would have been unthinkable in Ursula von der Leyen’s first term, when globalising the Green Deal to raise standards through trade was central to EU strategy.

Under the new deal, the Commission has announced a vague “protocol” to talk about “sustainable palm oil.”

“This does not look like the kind of deal that the last Commission would have done,” said David Henig, a trade expert of the European Centre for International Political Economy. Back then “the Green Deal was all the rage and palm oil ... was very bad.”

“We're dropping the level of ambition to get trade done."

The Commission insists sustainability commitments in the deal will be legally binding, but the impact on the EU’s impending deforestation regulation is unclear.

Indeed, geopolitical urgency – and not nerdy trade questions  – explains why nine years of negotiations are being wrapped up today. EU manufacturers should get their hands on more Indonesian nickel, crucial for futuristic industries and reducing dependence on China.

Next, the Council and Parliament still must have their say, and Indonesia has pushed for ratification to be fast-tracked.

“We expect this deal to help Indonesia leapfrog toward higher environmental and labour standards while securing Europe’s strategic interests,” said a spokesperson for Kathleen Van Brempt, a Flemish Socialist MEP who visited Indonesia this month. “That’s also the way we will scrutinise the deal.”

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Internal dissent over Israel measures

Martin Engell-Rossen, the head of cabinet for Commissioner Dan Jørgensen, spoke critically about the new package of Israel measures in a meeting of top officials in the Berlaymont earlier this month before they were presented to the public, Rapporteur can reveal. One source said Engell-Rossen was outraged.

Jørgensen’s cabinet said the commissioner and his team have supported the measures at every level, and that Engell-Rossen “simply made a point that it should be the government of Israel paying, not the Israeli people.”


Engell-Rossen is known in Denmark for having been a powerful political adviser to Danish PM Mette Frederiksen. The only commissioner said to have been unhappy with the measures was Hungary’s Olivér Varhélyi, whose right-hand man László Kristóffy spoke out in the same meeting.

Denmark won’t recognise Palestine for now

While other European countries moved to recognise Palestine at the UN General Assembly, Denmark signalled it would hold back, Magnus Lund Nielsen reports.

Copenhagen, set to chair more EU meetings about Israel sanctions, said its recognition depends on Hamas’ demilitarisation, the release of hostages, and reforms within the Palestinian Authority. Mette Frederiksen, meanwhile, has clashed openly with Benjamin Netanyahu.

Von der Leyen used her big UN speech last night to reiterate the Commission's plan to establish an international “donor group” to help the Palestinian Authority (PA) finance the rebuilding of Gaza. But the idea is hardly new: the Commission has been touting the start of this so-called “donor platform” for more than a year, and is yet to hold its first meeting. The Commission has also tied the initiative to reforms that it wants the PA to undertake.

As expected, Emmanuel Macron recognised Palestine in a speech at the UN last night, Spain’s Pedro Sánchez called for immediate measures to “stop the barbarity” in Gaza.

AI Act: from landmark to landfill?

When the EU passed its AI Act last year, lawmakers hailed it as proof Europe could lead on regulating new technologies. But the wind has now changed direction: companies, capitals – and most recently the bloc’s omniscient seer Mario Draghi – have called for delays and dilution.

National governments will today debate how far to tweak the law as part of the Commission’s push to simplify the EU rulebook, according to a Danish discussion note obtained by my colleague Maximilian Henning. Its message in short: celebrate the win but now think of our small companies.

Europe drones on about Russian incursions

Ambassadors of the 32 NATO allies meet this morning to address Russia's latest airspace violation, several diplomats told Firepower, Euractiv's defence newsletter. Estonia called for Article 4 consultations on Friday evening after Russian fighters crossed into its territory. Secretary-General Mark Rutte will speak at 12:45pm Brussels time.

At the UN last night, Kaja Kallas backed Donald Tusk’s warning on Monday that Poland will shoot down any aircraft that flagrantly violate its airspace and pose a threat. “If planes are violating airspace, every country has the right to defend itself and act accordingly,” she said.

On Friday, Defence Commissioner Andrius Kubilius is expected to convene eastern flank countries on the EU’s “Drone Wall” initiative. Seven countries – Bulgaria, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania – will join, he said. Hungary and Slovakia are opting out.

BERLIN 🇩🇪

A showdown over Germany’s constitutional court looms again this week, as Friedrich Merz’s coalition and its rivals try to secure the two-thirds majority needed to fill three empty seats in a parliamentary vote on Thursday. The process, derailed in the summer by a backlash over abortion, has now thrust new nominees into the spotlight – and leaves mainstream parties weighing whether to break taboos on working with the hard-left Die Linke or risk further gridlock.

PARIS 🇫🇷

After Macron formally recognised Palestine at the UN, several left-run town halls – including Lyon, Nantes and Saint-Denis – raised the Palestinian flag in defiance of a government ban. Interior Minister Bruno Retailleau had ordered prefects to enforce “neutrality in public services,” a principle that also led a Nice court in June to instruct the removal of Israeli flags flown at city hall since the 7 October attacks.

ROME 🇮🇹

A nationwide strike brought Italian streets into chaos on Monday, with grassroots unions mobilising against Israel’s war in Gaza and Rome’s arms sales. Transport was crippled, ports and rail lines blocked, and clashes erupted in Milan. Union leaders claimed half a million took part, while reports only confirmed tens of thousands marching in the capital. Senate President Ignazio La Russa decried “urban guerrilla warfare,” after Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani dismissed calls to recognise Palestine.

MADRID 🇪🇸

Spain is set to formalise a long-promised arms embargo on Israel on Tuesday, with the cabinet expected to approve a permanent ban on weapons sales. PM Pedro Sánchez first announced the move in September to stop what he called the “genocide in Gaza,” but technical delays slowed it down. Parliament must ratify the measure within 30 days.

WARSAW 🇵🇱

Poland’s shifting rules for Ukrainian refugees are forcing Kyiv to prepare for a possible wave of returnees. After President Karol Nawrocki vetoed an extension of special protections, government and presidential draft laws now propose stricter conditions, including a decade-long wait for citizenship. Iryna Vereshchuk, deputy head of Ukraine’s presidential office, stressed on Monday that many returnees will need state support.

Germany’s decades-long experiment with ditching fossil fuels has reached a reckoning.

Once sold to voters as costing no more than a “scoop of ice cream,” the Energiewende is now projected to run into the trillions of euros, with the German Chamber of Commerce and Industry suggesting a final bill of €5.4 trillion.

Critics have also blamed the transition for industrial flight and political fatigue. Energy Minister Katherina Reiche acknowledged the project is stalling, even as Berlin debates whether to keep pouring billions into subsidies amid rising scepticism.

As Egypt campaigns to place its former antiquities minister at the helm of UNESCO, Greek politicians are crying foul.

They point to Cairo’s plans for a luxury resort encroaching on the 6th-century Saint Catherine’s Monastery – a revered World Heritage site whose monks safeguard Byzantine treasures rivalling the Vatican Library.

Its survival now hangs in a delicate political balance, amid regional tension and international scrutiny.

UN General Assembly continues in New York

Agriculture and Fisheries Council meets

Von der Leyen speaks at the “Advancing Peace in Ukraine Through the Return of Ukrainian Children” conference

Sefcovic attends signing ceremony for EU-Indonesia trade deal

Jørgensen travels to Greenland

Give us a break! The Commission forcefully replied to Rapporteur’s reporting on the von der Leyen interview that wasn’t. We must also correct the record: El País never published the scripted interview, having refused to take part. Six of the eight members of the “Leading European Newspapers Alliance” have run the Q&A, with German-language Tages-Anzeiger expected to later in the week. Their readers must be on the edge of their seats!

Varhélyi Antwerp visit: Várhelyi says he’ll visit Antwerp’s Jewish community in the coming weeks, after warning in a New Year’s message that “the rise in antisemitism is unacceptable.” Belgium has been rattled by recent high-profile incidents: posters targeting Jewish NGO staff in the EU quarter, the deplatforming of an Israeli conductor in Flanders, and desecration of the tomb of former Minister of State Jean Gol – who was Jewish – last weekend.

Got the X factor? Defence Commissioner Andrius Kubilius wants to create a high-level group of “former heads of state and government, as well as former presidents of European institutions,” his special advisor Klaus Welle told the Committee of the Regions on Monday. The launch is pencilled in for early October, according to Welle.

author_name Newsletter Editor
Eddy Wax
author_name Politics Reporter
Nicoletta Ionta

Contributors: Sofía Sánchez, Magnus Lund Nielsen, Inés Fernández-Pontes, Laurent Geslin, Maximilian Henning, Aurélie Pugnet, Thomas Møller-Nielsen, Kjeld Neubert, Charles Cohen, Chris Powers, Bryn Stole, Alessia Peretti, Aleksandra Krzysztoszek

Editors: Christina Zhao, Sofia Mandilara

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